1865 treaty the 'beginning of the end' for Plains Indians

By the autumn of 1865, the nation’s long Civil War had ended.

But out West, trouble was brewing.

The Indian problem, as government officials viewed it, was escalating. Through the Homestead Act, signed by President Abraham Lincoln three years earlier, the West was open for settlement, and thousands of ex-soldiers and their families headed there.

The only problem was that the West, which included Kansas, was fully populated – by American Indians.

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